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・ Philippa Baker (actress)
・ Philippa Baker (rower)
・ Philippa Ballantine
・ Philippa Boyens
・ Philippa Campbell
・ Philippa Collins
・ Philippa Coningsby
・ Philippa Coulthard
・ Philippa de Beauchamp
・ Philippa de Coucy, Countess of Oxford
・ Philippa de Mohun
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Philippa Foot
・ Philippa Forrester
・ Philippa Gail
・ Philippa Gardner
・ Philippa Garety
・ Philippa Goslett
・ Philippa Gould
・ Philippa Gregory
・ Philippa Hall
・ Philippa Hanna
・ Philippa Hobbs
・ Philippa Holland
・ Philippa Howden-Chapman
・ Philippa Langley
・ Philippa Lowthorpe


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Philippa Foot : ウィキペディア英語版
Philippa Foot

Philippa Ruth Foot (; née Bosanquet; 3 October 1920 3 October 2010) was a British philosopher, most notable for her works in ethics. She was one of the founders of contemporary virtue ethics, inspired by the ethics of Aristotle. Her later career marked a significant change in view from her work in the 1950s and '60s, and may be seen as an attempt to modernize Aristotelian ethical theory, to show that it is adaptable to a contemporary world view, and thus, that it could compete with such popular theories as modern deontological and utilitarian ethics. Some of her work was crucial in the re-emergence of normative ethics within analytic philosophy, especially her critique of consequentialism and of non-cognitivism. A familiar example is the continuing discussion of an example of hers referred to as the trolley problem. Foot's approach was influenced by the later work of Wittgenstein, although she rarely dealt explicitly with materials treated by him.
==Personal life and education==
Foot was the daughter of Esther Cleveland (1893-1980). Esther Cleveland was born in the White House during her father, Grover Cleveland's, second presidency. Foot's father was Captain William Sidney Bence Bosanquet (1893-1966) of the Coldstream Guards of the British Army. Her paternal grandfather was the barrister and judge, Sir Frederick Albert Bosanquet, Common Serjeant of London from 1900 to 1917. Esther and William married at Westminster Abbey on 14 March 1918.
Foot was educated privately and at Somerville College, Oxford, 1939-42, where she obtained a first class in Philosophy, Politics and Economics ('PPE'). Her association with Somerville, interrupted only by government service as an economist from 1942 to 1947, continued for the rest of her life. She was a Lecturer in Philosophy, 1947-50, Fellow and Tutor, 1950-69, Senior Research Fellow, 1969-88, and Honorary Fellow, 1988-2010. She spent many hours there in debate with G.E.M. Anscombe, who persuaded her that non-cognitivism was misguided.
In the 1960s and 1970s Foot held a number of Visiting Professorships in the United States - at Cornell, MIT, Berkeley, City University of New York. She was appointed Griffin Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1976 and taught there until 1991, dividing her time between the United States and England.
She was one of the founders of Oxfam, and an atheist.〔http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~hrp/issues/2003/Foot.pdf〕
She was once married to the historian M. R. D. Foot and at one time shared a flat with the novelist Iris Murdoch. She died in Madrid in 2010, on her 90th birthday.

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